the Thaumatrope (1824)
this was a design that consisted of two circular pieces of paper each with a different image on them and a thin piece of string on it and sometimes 2 going thought the middle connecting them, and when you twist them between you finger very fast it gives the appearance of a moving picture this would be a trick on the eyes bu being an optical illusion
the Phenakistoscope (1831)
this was one of the earliest devices used for animation and was created by joseph plateau, it consists of a disc with a series of pictures drawn on it spaced evenly apart each depicting a different part of the animation along with slits cut in the disc at different distances form the centre it would be placed in front of a mirror and spun and the viewer would look though one of the slots that were reflected in the mirror and it would give the appearance of a moving image being an animation
the Flip Book (1868)
the flip book or kinograph which was patented by john Barnes linnet in 1868 this is basically a note book with a series of pictures drawn at the unbound end of the note book and when you flip the pages between each other very fast like when skimming though a book it gives the appearance of the of a moving image since the series of still images are only being seen for a spit second before the other appears making an animation
the Praxinoscope (1877)
this very similar to the Phenakistoscope however this allowed it to be presented multiply people like what charles-emile reynaud which presented his first animation in the theatre optique in December 1888 the entire animation was drawn on to a strip of transparent paper
the First Film
the first film that was recorded on standared picture film was which had animation in it as well was the film enchanted drawing made 1900 however the full animated movie was the humerous phases of funny faces which is considered the farther of american animation the entire animation was done on a blackboard
the first tradionally animated film
the first film that is said to be entially done using tradional animation methods was created by a French artist called emile cohl the film was fantasmagorie which mainly was stick characters that would come across object that would change like a wine bottle becoming a bottle with flowers in and there would also be live action parts where the creator would draw the next part and unlike the humorous phases of funny faces this was not drawn on a black board it was drawn on paper but was shot on to negative film which makes it look similar. however gerti the dinosaur (1914) was a more detailed animation which required more people to work on than fantasmagorie.
the creation of retroscoping
in 1915 two brothers max and david fleischer created retroscoping which is where you use a filmed scene as an anchor where you draw over the recorded clip so that it makes the animations look more life like since all you are having to do is draw over the person who is already there but this can sort of increase your workload since you need to film the scene then draw over it rather than just draw from the start which could be easier this animation method was used for the film ko-ko the clown
walt disney and warner brothers
walt disney came about after a studio called laugh-o-grams went bankrupt and the owner which was walt disney founded a new studio in los angeles which was disney, there first project was a seris of shows where a girl who was filmed would interact with animated characters but there animating careear started with steam boat willie which was the third of created episode of the micky mouse series which was also one of the first animations to conatin a full sound track which was printed onto the film itself (sound on film).
in 1930 the studio waner bros was founded and the way this differed from disney was that disneys content was mostly contained by walt disney himself but waner bros let the animators be more free which gave waner bros animators have there own personal style there first animated film with sound was peludoplis which had it's first showing on september 16 1931 and there first was honeymoon hotel which was part of the merry melodies series.
snow white is considered as the first animated feature film even thought others were released before the this people say this because this was the first one that was made using hand drawn animation the other films before it was made using things like cut outs and siloetts or stop motion
televison
colour television was introduced to the US in 1951 but in 1958 hannah barbaera released huckleberry hound the first half and hour full animated show on television and two years later hannah would release the flintstones which was the first animated show that would be on during prime time and due to the release of tv decreased the attention of animations being shown in theatres
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